Artificial intelligence in clinical neurophysiology: IFCN handbook chapter

 

Martijn R. Tannemaat, Janne A.M. Luijten, Birgit Frauscher, Catalina Alvarado-Rojas, Harald Aurlien,

Kristian Bernhard Nilsen, Nens van Alfen, Patrick Kwan, Sándor Beniczky

Publication: Clinical Neurophysiology, September 2026

Highlights:

Artificial intelligence (AI) enables automated analysis of complex neurophysiological signals with increasing accuracy.
  • Artificial intelligence (AI) enables automated analysis of complex neurophysiological signals with increasing accuracy
  • Key implementation barriers include data heterogeneity label noise, limited generalizability, and lack of explainability.
  • AI will likely function as an augmentation and triage tool, allowing clinicians to focus on comprehensive clinical reasoning.

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